Lumbar Facet Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)

Lumbar Facet RFA is a minimally invasive outpatient procedure used to treat chronic low back pain coming from the facet joints — small joints located on the back of your spine. These joints can become arthritic and painful over time.

RFA uses radiofrequency energy (heat) to disable tiny nerves (called medial branch nerves) that send pain signals from the facet joints to the brain.

RFA is typically recommended for people who:

• Have chronic lower back pain caused by arthritis or degeneration in the facet joints
• Have had temporary pain relief from a medial branch block (a test injection used to confirm the source of pain)
• Want to reduce pain and improve movement without surgery

• Reduce or eliminate low back pain
• Improve quality of life and function
• Delay or avoid spine surgery
• Reduce need for pain medications

• Medications: Tell your doctor about all medications. Blood thinners may need to be stopped.
• Eating/Drinking: Do not eat or drink 6–8 hours before the procedure if sedation is planned.
• Transportation: Arrange for a ride home — you should not drive afterward.

• You'll lie face down on a procedure table.
• Your skin is cleaned and numbed with local anesthetic.
• The doctor will use X-ray guidance (fluoroscopy) to place a small needle near the targeted nerves.
• A small electrical signal may be used to confirm correct nerve location.
• The nerve is heated with radiofrequency energy to block pain signals.
• Procedure time: 30 to 60 minutes
• Sedation: Optional (light sedation or just local anesthesia)

What to Expect:

• Mild soreness or bruising at the injection site is normal.
• Pain relief may begin 1–3 weeks after the procedure.
• Some patients experience temporary discomfort, muscle tightness, or increased pain before improvement starts.

Activity:

• Rest the day of the procedure.
• Resume light activity the next day.
• Avoid heavy lifting, bending, or twisting for a few days.
• Gradually return to regular activity as pain improves.

• Relief usually lasts 6 to 12 months, and sometimes longer.
• The nerves may regrow over time. If pain returns, the procedure can be safely repeated.